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ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition
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Cow's Milk Allergy in a Preterm Infant A Case Presentation

Patricia J. Becker, MS, RD, CNSC

North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, patriciajbecker{at}mac.com

For the infant born prematurely, it is the immaturity of organ systems, such as the pulmonary system, the immune system, and gastrointestinal tract, that is most problematic. Apnea of prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, uncoordinated suck, swallow, breathe sequence, immature protection of the airway during feeding, and an immature gut are the sequelae that must be overcome to support extrauterine growth. In some infants, as is the case in the patient presented here, other issues influenced by familial trait can also occur, making supporting growth even more of a challenge. In this case, an infant born at 31 weeks gestational age, with a history of several first-degree relatives with cow's milk allergy (CMA), is presented. CMA, respiratory distress with oral feeds, and dysphagia diagnosed by modified barium swallow study are discussed here. Eliminating food allergens from the maternal diet, the use of an amino acid—based infant formula for fortification of human milk to support growth goals, and the modification of thin liquid consistency of human milk to prevent aspiration were required in the treatment of the patient.

Key Words: growth and development • early life span nutrition • gastrointestinal disorders

ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition, Vol. 1, No. 4, 214-219 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1941406409342195
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